Barometric steam-condenser.



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WILLIAM H. NORRIS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BAROMETRIQ STEAM-CONDENSER,

Specification of Letters l atent.

Application filed October 3, 1911. Serial Noi 652,485.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H'. Nonnis. a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Barometric Steam-Condensers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in barometric condensers and primarily to means for increasing the efficiency of the condenser by preventing therein the trapping or accumulation of air or gases which reduce the vacuum to a lower dgv ee than is desirable.

My invention further relates to certain improvements in the construction of the condenser which will be pointed out in detail hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification and in which similar numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views: Figure 1, is a central vertical sectional elevation of a counter-current barometric condenser embodying my improvements; Fig. 2, a plan of the condenser, the top covering being re.- moved; Fig. 3, a sectional elevation, upon an enlarged scale, of part of the lower water distributing hood; Fig. 4, a front elevation of the perforated and serrated rim carried. peripherally by the distributing hoods.

Experiment has shown that the eiiicienoy of a counter-current barotmetric condenser is very appreciably lessened by air or gases which become trapped'in it during its operation, either under hoods or other projections or by the injection water and that the vacuum,\ ordinarily not exceeding twentyseven and. one half inches-in summer temperatures and twenty-eight inches in winter temperature, can be raised to from twentyeight and one half to twenty-nine inches by providing means for preventing the trapping or \hold-ing of the air or gases in the instrument; This trapping usually takes place beneath the hood or hoods employed to distribute'the inject-ion water to the instrumentafter it overflows-from the injection pipe, if such hoods be used, or the falling water, itself carries down and holds air which cannot escape and the first objectof my invention is to furnish means for tapping the traps and conducting any air or gas that may accumulate therein, or which may be carried and held by the water, to the" pipe which communicates with the dry air pump.

l' is the caslng of a condenser, 2 the pipe,

in this case placed centrally in reference to casing 1, through which the cold injection water is introduced. 3 isa casing within casing 1 and surrounding pipe 2 through which the steam from the pipe 4, which is connected with the exhaust of the engine passes. The chamber 5 formed between the casings 1 and 3 receives the water of con:-

"densation" and the injection water and is" connected with the hot well through an opening 15, Fig. 1. 6 is a bleed duct through which any water accumulating in the bot-'1 Patented NOV. 5, 1912;.

tom of the chamber formed by the casing'i z maybe drawn off. 7 is the pipe leadmgj from the top of the instrument to the dry.

air pump. All of t-hese.,, parts 'of the machine are so well known that detailed description of them will be unnecessary.

At the top of the injection pipe-is'h-hdod 8 over the top of which the 'wateroverflow ing from pipe 2 flows and from which it falls in a spray to the chamber 5-,formedbefl 1i; tween casings 1 and 3. Beneath hood' 8' is t a hood or hoods 9 for the purpose of inter-f cepting any water thatmight fall so closep" to the pipe 2 as to enter the steam chamber" formed betweenthis pipe and the casing 3',

Experiment has shown that there is al ways a certain amount of air trapped beneath the hoods 8 and 9 and between the water falling from the periphery ofthese hoods and the-pipe 2, and eyen in the falling water itself, the suction 'of the dry air} pump 'being' unable, even under the most favorable circumstances, to "prevent this,

hence the vacuum in the instrumentis rea duced, To prevent this trapping I'ta air pockets by means of pipes or tubes w lqh,

either alone or inconjunctlon with one an. other, lead the air 0 gas to a point with n the casing 1 which is above thelevel of. any

water discharged through the injection pipe 2 from which point it is'drawn off through: 5

the dry air pipe 7 in the usual manner.

I have before stated I find that by this ar rangement the vacuum Within the "casing-1 is very considerably increased.

, -A suitable and convenient means for tap ping the trap formed under the up'pe'r hood" 8 consists of tubes 10 which surround the upper end of the injection pipe 2 and which pass through the hood their lower ends com-'- municating with the space beneath it.' thesetubes are of sufiicient length that their tops will be above the water discharged from the injection pipe. I

To tap the pocket formed under the second hood 9 or to collectthe air carried downward by the falling Water, I have found it sufiiclent to employ the tubes 11 the lower ends of which are outside the hood 9 and some distance \lbelow it and the upper ends of which are bent to shed water falling upon them from hood 8 and to discharge under the said hood. I do not, however, desire to confine myself to any particular arrangement or means for tapping pockets of air or gas in the condenser as my invention contemplates any suitable means for this purpose.

In a condenser of this character the even distribution of the water is very important in order that all of the steam may be condensed. A certain amount of condensation will take place within the casing 3 owing to the steam coming in contact with the cold injection pipe 2 but this will be compara- 14, both of which are best shown in Fig. 4.

The rim is preferably held in place by angles 15, Big. 3 and the hoods are secured to the injection pipe in any suitable and convenient manner.

The water overflowing fromthe top. of the injection pipeQ runs over the top of hood 8 banks up against the rim 12 and flows out through the perforations 14 and serrations 13 therein and falls from the hood in an even spray or veil. Any water that collects upon the hood 9, or upon other hoods if they be used, is likewise caused to fall therefrom in an even manner.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a steam condenser of the character set forth, in combination, an outer casing, a connection leading from the upper end of said casing to a dry air pump, a casing, open at its upper end, within said outer casing forming a passage for exhaust steam, a pipe passing up within said inner casin open at its upper end, for the introduction of injection water, an annular rim surrounding the upper end of said injection pipe, and tubes carried by and passing through said rim and surrounding the injection water pipe, the upper ends of said tubes being above the level of the water discharged. from said injection water pipe, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a condenser of the character set forth, in combination, an outer casing, a connection froni the upper end of said casi g to a dry air pump, a casing, open at its upper end, within said outer casing, a steam pipe connected with the lower end of said inner casing, a connection between the space inclosed by said casings and the hot well, an injection water pipe passing up through said inner casing to a point near the upper end of said outer casing, a water distributing hood carried by and surrounding the upper end of said injection water pipe, tubes passing througlrsaid hood their upper ends being above the level of the water discharged from said injection water pipe, a water distributing hood beneath said first hood, and pipes surrounding said latter hood the upper ends ofwhich discharge under the upper hood. lVILLIAM ll. NORRIS. Witnesses HARRY E. M1 DDLETON, J12, SAMUEL ll. llllLLER. 

